Improvement in machines for sticking card-teeth



'c1-W. 0041s su J.11Uss1-11111.

GARD SETTING MACHINE.

No. 11,434. Patented Aug. 1,1854.

d UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.V

G. W. COATS AND J. RUSSELL, SPRINGFELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent- No. Vl {,434, dated August l, 1854.

To all whom itmwy concern.-

Be it known that are, G. W. COATS and JAMES RUSSELL, of Springfield,u Massachu# setts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Sticking Card- Teeth, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this speciiication, in whichl Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, an end elevation; Fig. 3, a vertical section taken atthe line A a of Fig. 1, andiooking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 4, a vertical section 'in the plane of the axis of the drivingshaft; Fig. 5, a longitudinal and a cross-section of the screwleader with its two-part nut; Figs.` 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10,vertical sections taken severally at the lines B b, C c, D d, E c, andFf of Fig. l, and Fig. l1 a like section at the line G g of Fig. 1.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

It is not deemed necessary to descrloe 'orf represent what are known in card-sticking machines as the back bender, the pricker for pricking the hole in the leather, nor the cutter for cutting oil' the lengths of wire, as these are to be made and applied as in the machines heretofore 'generally used. In this, as in other machines for sticking card-teeth, the sheet of leather is held by clamps in an inclined carriage, which works up and down between ways' in a main carriage to determine the space between the several rows, the spacing oft-he teeth in the rows being effected by the horizontal motion of the main carriage back and forth.A y These motions have hereto fore been given by ratchet movements, which are liable to derangements and inaccuracies.

The first part of our invent-ion consists in giving the longitudinal motion to the main carriage for spacing the teeth in each row by means of a screw-leader attached to the carriage and passing through a nut mounted in a box and rotated by cogfgearing, when this is combined with and receives mot-ion from a cog wheel on a shaft having a clutch operated by a cam on the main or driving shaft, to clutch and unclutch another wheel on the same shaft, which gears into two wheels that run loosely ou the main shaft and which are alternately clutched to the main shaft, by means ot` which combination an intermittent spacing motion is connnunicatedto the carriage with out the necessity of a ratchet movement, and by which also the said motion is reversed.

Our invent-ion also consists in combining with the above mode of operating the feed or spacing motion the employment of cams on the main carriage, which at the end of each traverse motion alternately act on a lever connected and combined with and operating a Vclutch to clutch a cog-wheel on an arbor which carries a worm or its equivalent to communicate 1no tion from the main or drivingshaft to a shifting-wheel which operates a lever connected with the' doubleacting slide-clutch on the main shaft, iirst, to shift the clutch to liberate the cogwheel with which Ait was connected `to stop the feed or spacing motion, and after the other required movements have taken place toshift it to engage the other wheel to' reversejbhe feed or spacing motion of the main carriage; and our invention 4also consists 1n combining with the above mode of impartingV the'feed or spacing motion to the main earriage the mode of operating the inner carriage, which holds the leather, to determine the space between the rows at the end of each longitudinal motion of the main carriage by means of a shifting cam, called the twillcam, a shifting sector cog-wheel, which in turn communicates motion by `cog-wheels and shaft to a feathered cog-wheel, through which slides a` shaft mounted on the main carriage, which in' turn communicates motion to drums for lifting the second carriage; and our invention also consists in lmaking the nut that operates the screw-leader in two parts,div'ide by a plane at right angles to the axis of the l ader, and so connecting' the two parts of the nut by screws passing through elongated slots in one and tapped into the other, so that the two parts of the nut can be turned on each other to adjust the threads to the thread of the leader when either wear or become loose, thereby affording the means ot' adjustment of the feed-motion, by means of a screw-leader, so important to an accuratev spacing of' the teeth; and our invention also consists in having the feed-rollers on two arbors provided with cylindrical bosses to keep them apart, in combination with the mounting of these rollers between a pair of halfboxes below the arbor of the lower roller and a pair above the arbor of the upper roller, no boxes being interposed between the two,.the said arbors being prevented from havingv endplay by means of V-shaped or curved fillets fitted to corresponding grooves in the boxes, by meansA of which combination and arrangement we are enabled to prev'ent the rollers from having end-play or chance without the use of end pivots' heretofore employed,which are known to be objectionable, from the place they occupy at the ends of the rollers and their liability to wear, and thereby to permit end-play,l which renders the feeding of the wireirregular,and Vhence the card-teeth of unequal lengths; and oui-inventionalso consists in mounting the bending-fingers in a vsliding' top plate independent of and below the slide' or carrier of the former around which the teeth are bent, the said carrier being provided with an inclined plane or cam acted upon by alike inclined plane or cam on the top plate which carries the fingers, so that by the back movement of the fingers, after bending and sticking each tooth, theformer shall be lifted out of the loop formed by bending the wire before it is drawn baclgthus greatly improv.

ing and simplifying the machine as heretofore constructed.

In the accompanying drawings, a represents the frame, and b the main earriage,which moves back and forth horizontally with the lower edge thereof fitted to slidein a V-groove on the platform of the .fraine. It inclines back from avert-ical line and is held downto the groove by a bracket, c, which is secured to the platform and fits over the upper edge of the lower bar. On the front face of this main carriage is mounted 'a second carriage, d, provided with clamps e e at top and bottom to hold the sheet of leather f and fitted to ways g g in the main carriage, which admit of its moving up and down and for a short distance longitudinally for the purpose of determining .the twill of the card,7 as it is termed. The lower edge rests onftwo hooks,

h h, suspended by chains or cords to two drums,

'i t, on ahorizontal shaft,I j mounted in the main carriage, so that by the turning of this shaft the second carriage is drawn up and let down.

By the tension of a spring,r 1, the second carriage is forced in one direction against the end of a slide, Z, -at one end of the main carriage, and forced, when required, in the opposite direction by a series of tappets, m, on an arbor, a, mounted 'on the main carriage, which tappets act on the face of a bracket, 0, on the slide i. These tappets, from the first to the last of the series, are each in succession of greaterradius. The object of the tappets, as stated before, is to determine lthe twill, and therefore the increased length of each successive tappet must be proportioned to the space between the'teeth of each row in the contemplated card, that the teeth in the seeond row may be in a line between the teeth of the first row, or in any otherrelative position that may be determined by thelrequired twill. The-arbor a, which carries the tappets,

receives-motion from a horizontal shaft, p.. -mounted on the main carriage by means of a pair of 'bevel-wheels, q, and in -turn imparts motion by means of a worm, o, and spur-whe`el 's to the horizontal shaft jto lift the second carriage, so that the upward motion to dete'r-V mine the space between the rows of teeth and the horizontal motion to determine the twill is communicated simultaneously by the shaft' Vw, and which by its rotation imparts an intermittent motion to a spur-wheel, ze', on an iu.- clined shaft, y, which carries at its lower end a bevel-wheel, z., that engages a bevel-wheel, a', feathered on the horizontal shaft p, so'that the said shaftmay be turned b v the wheel, and at the same time be free to slide througlrit, as the main carriage moves back and forth, the hollow -arbor of the said bevel-wheel a. being fitted to turn in a suitable collar or boX in a permanent bracket, b, attached to the' frame; but as the cam-shaft u makes one entire rotation for every complete operation of sticking a tooth, and the second carriage is only to be shifted at `the end of each row of teeth, the sector cog-wheel w, which slides on the camshaft, is held back so as not to be in gear except at t-he end of each completeoperation of sticking a row of teeth, and then it engages to give the required motion, and is again forced back. This is effected by attaching the sector-wheel by means of a pin in manner well known to mechanicians, with asliding rod, e', fitted-to the inside of the camshaft, which is hollow for that purpose. This rod is forced outward by a helical spring with in the shaft, carrying with it the sector-wheel, andat the required time it is forced inward to put the sectorwheel in gear by means' of the twill-cam d on the main shaft, and adapt- 'ed to slide thereolnand operated by a rod, e', fitted to the inside of the drivingshaft, which is hollow for that purpose, the calli be; ing ,attached to this rod by means'of' a pin passing through a slot in the shaft, and the rod in turn attached in like manner to a sliding collar, f', on the main shaft, which collar embraces one end of a lever, g', by which it is made to slide the cam when required.

ntted to turn in a suitable box, j', attached to the frame and accurately fitted to avoid endplay, and as the thread of the nut and the screw-leader are liable to wear and become loose, which would destroy that nice accuracy of spacing so important in good cards. This is remedied by making the nut in two parts, as represented at Fig. 5, divided by aplane at right angles to the axis, and making the contiguous parts with flanges Vk k', connected by screws tapped into one, and passing through segmental slots in the other, so that the two parts can' be turned on each other, and thereby change the relations ,of the thread in the two `parts to take up what may be termed the slackor wear.7 This nut on one end carries a bevel-wheel. 1, which is engaged by a corresponding bevel-wheel, m', on the lower end of a vertical arbor, n'. mounted in astandard, o', ot' the frame; and the upper end of this arbor carries another bevel-wheel, p', which turns loosely thereon, but which can be clutched and unclutched by a sliding springclutch, g', within the arbor, whichis made hollowfor that purpose, the stem of this clutch extending up above the upper end of the ar` boi` and within reach ofa cam, r', on the ina-in shaft, by which at every rotation of the main shaft the wheel p is clutched and nnclutched to impart the intermittent spacing motion to the niain carriage.

It is not only necessary to give an intermittent spacing motion to the main carriage, but it is necessary to suspend this motion at the end of its range of motion to atl'ord time for the other movements, and then to reverse it. For these purposes'the clutch-wheel p on the arbor u engages two be\-el\vl1eels,s' s', one on eachside, that turn freely on the main shaft, so that when one is clutched and the otherliberated the carriage will be moved in one direction, and vice versa. This operation is performed by a double sliding clutch, t', on the main shaft, to which, for convenience and 'compactness, the cam 1 is attached. This clutch,when moved in one' direction, clutches one wheel, s', and liberates the other, and vice versa, for reversing .the spacing motion, and when midway between the two liberates bot-h to suspend the spacing motion. For shifting this double acting clutch,it is Vattached by a piu to the rod c' within the main shaft in the 'same manner as the twill-cam and sliding collar f To the main carriage are att-ached two inclined faces or earns, u'u, by means of screws, so that their distance apart can be adjusted to suit the lengthof rows intended to he stuck.

'Vhen the main carriage reaches the end of its motion in either direction, oneof these cams u acts on one end of .a leven-if, which draws a rod, w', jointed to its other end, in one direc tion, and against the tension of a restoringspring, x. This rod carries a wedge, y', which acts on and forces up a rod, z', fitted inside of a verticalarbonaand provided wtharestoringspring, f2., at its lower end ,and with a clutch,

c2, at its upper end, to clutch, when forced up byl the wedge, a bevel-wheel, 4d2, which receives motion from the main shaft by a corresponding wheel, e2. So soon as this wheel d2 is clutched it rotates the arbor a, which carries a worm, fwhich impartsmotion to a spurwheel, g, on the arbor of what is termed the shifting7 or reversing wheel h2. This shiftingwheel h2 consists of two circular and parallel plates, with a space between them to receive the lower end of the lever g', before described, for operating the sliding collar fon the main shaft; and each of thes-e plates is provided with two series of pins, i@ projecting inward, one series longer `than the other, and alternating.

The two faces of the end of the lever y; are properly beveled to be acted upon alternately on opposite sides by thcpins ffl on the shifting-wheel, so that when the wheel Z`l is clutched by the action of any 011e of the cams u of the main carriage on the lever t the shifting-wheel is set in motion, which brings, first, one of the short pins'vl"l on one of the plates against .the lever g to moveit in one direction to a sufficient distance to slide the double-acting clutch t midway between the two bevel-wheels s' s', which suspends the spacing motion of the main carriage. This seltsame motion of the lever g shifts the twill-cam d', so that it acts on the rod C to operate the second 'carriage to give the two motions already specified. The shifting -wheel, being still, in motion, then brings one of the long pins it to act on the lever g to carry it still farther in the same di- Vrection, to carrythe twill-cam beyond and out of the reach of the rod c to suspend all further action on the second carriage, and to shift the double clutch to the opposite wheel s' to 'reverse and restart the spacing motion of the main carriage, and so soon as the carriage begins tomove the lever o is liberated, so that the motions of the-shifting apparatus are suspended and restored by thc several springs. The cam-shaft u carries a sector cog-wheel, jt, which imparts an intermittent feed-motion to the pair of feed-rollers k2 k2 to feed in the length of wire required at each operation for forming the card-teeth, the shaft `of one of these rollers being provided with a pinion, Z2, which is engaged by the cogs of the sectorwheel, and both having pinionsm'ln, that the two may move with equal velocity. The feedrollers are cylindrical enlargements of their arbors,'with grooves in the periphery of the lower one suited to the different sizes of wire required in making various qualities of cards. The arbor of the lower roller lies and turnsin two half-boxes, n n?, iitted to two standards, Iand the upper roller rests on the under roller, and two half-boxes, o`z o?, are` placed above it. `and litted to slide in the same standard, so that there are no boxes between the two arbors. The upper boxes o?. o2 are pro-'- vided with rods p p, which pass down -and are secured to plates gt Q* below the standrier,

ards, with springs2 riinterposed, which, `by their tension, make pressure on the upper roller to grip the wire between it and the lower roller,l the arbors of the two rollers being kept apart by the rollers themselves at one end, and two cylindrical bosses, s s, near the other end,v To avoid all end-play in these rollers', which is known to be injurious to the wire,l and liable to make the feed-motion ir.- regular, and todo this without the necessity of end pivots, which are seriously objectionable, the journals, instead of being cylindrical, as usual, are V-shaped or curvedrlongitudi; nally, and the boxes in which they run are of a corresponding shape, as represented in the drawings, Fig. 9, so that the pressure applied bythe -upper boxes effect-ually prevents end-` play. As the-wire is fed in by the feedroll ers it passes in front of the doubler or former t of the usual form, and secured vertieally'in the end of a carrier, u2, the other end of which is secured to a. cross-bar, o2, having two ways, w'l wz, one at each end, and parallel with the carrier'and fitted to slidein grooves in a plate,

' m, attached to and making part lof the frame.

Two springs, y* y, bear on the two'ways t0 hold down the carrier and former, but permit them to be lifted. So soon as the -wirehas passed in front of the former it is gripped against the former by means of the crowner7 z2, as itis termed, and there held during the bending and sticking operation. This crowner is ofthe usual form, andv secured to a carattedto a cap-plate, g, fitted to slide in the plate mi, and below `the carrier of the former, and properlyitted to slide therein.

The rear end of this carrier is bent up, as at y b3, to 'receive the action of asector-cam, c3, on the cam-shaft, by which `the crowne'r is withdrawn after the sticking operation, and

when the cam, in its revolution, passes off, the

.operation of gripping being effect-ed by the tension of a spring, d, attached to the carrier a?. 4After-the .wire has been gripped, and while it is held by the crowner against the vface of the former, it is bent around the former and the two ends brought to a parallelism by the action of the two fingers,77 e" e, as they are termed. These fingers are of the usual form, and secured by temper and adjusting screws in sockets at the ends of two plates, 3 f, which, between the sockets and the points of their attachment to the cap-plate girare reduced in size to act as springs laterally on the ijngers in the act of bending the wire around the former. This mode is in contradistinction to the old mode, in which the plates carrying the fingers were jointed to the cap-plate with independent springs acting upon them.

The spring finger-plates are, as' before stated, attached at one end to a cap-plate, g3, adapted to work in ways in the top ofthe plateau", and just under the carrier of the former, and the `rear end of this plate g is adapted, as at h,

to receive the action of a cam, i, on the camshaft, and therear end of the 4erossbar o of ythe carrier 'a2 is also formed, as at j3,'to receive the action' of a cam, k3, ou the cam-shaft, the object 'of these cams being'to force -forward the fingers to bend 'the wires, and then to force the formerand fingers together to insert the wire in the leather, and therefore the lcam should be so much in advance of the cam It as to effect the bending of the wire be.-

fore the other cam k begins to act, and then both act in unison. The tension of the spring which forces-the crowner forward should be sufficient to aid in sticking thewire. The former and the fingers are drawn back by springs d" and m. Temperserews n3 are inserted through projections on each side of the top plate, x, to adiust the extent of lateral play of the iin gers.

' The cap-plate g, which carries the fingers, is provided with a cam-face orincli'ned plane,

o, just below the carrier of the former, which 4is also provided withy a corresponding camface or inclined plane, p3, for the purpose of operating the former up and down.- The cam which operates the fingers is, as before stated, a little in advance of the earn which operates the former, so that ou the return motion the fingers begin their back movement1 which -causesthe cam-face p to act on the cam-face 03, to lift the former out of the loop form of the AWireafter its ends have been stuck into the leather, and so soon as the former is lifted out- Vthen the cam permits it to return to its original position for another operation.

Having thus specified the principle or character which distinguishes our invention from all other things before known and described' the manner of constructing and using the same, we wish it to be distinctly understood that we do not limit ourselves to the special construct-ion of parts, but claim the privilege of making such changes as are merely formal and embodying the saine essential principles or combinations herein specitied.

That we claim as our invent-ion, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The mode of imparting the intermittent motion tothe main carriage for spacing the teeth, land reversing the saine by means of the screw-leader attachedl to the main carriage,

and passing through a nut mounted in suitable operated by a cam to clutch or unclutch the wheel which receives motion from the wheel 'or wheels on the main shaft, and imparts the required and measured intermittent motion to the nut, substantially as and for the purpose specified.v Y

' 2. In combination with the mode described of imparting the spacingmotion to the main carriage, the employment of the cams on the mainy carriage, which, at the end of each traverse motion, act on a lever connected and cornbined with and operating the clutch to clutch andnnclutch the wheel, which receives motion from the main shaft to operateA the shiftingwheel, which operates the double clutch on the main shaft, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

.3. In combination with the mode described of operating the main carriage, the inode of operating the second carriage, which holds the sheet of leather, to determine the space between the rows of teeth, by means of the shifting-cam, called the twill-ca.m, and the shifting sector cog-Wheel, which in turn imparts motion by the cog-wheels and shaft to the cog-wheel through which passes the feathered shaft mounted'on the main carriage, and

5. Making the arbors of the two rollers with cylindrical bosses, to determine their distance apart, in combination with the mode of mounting them between boxes, and Without interposed boxes, the said arbors being prevented from having` end-play by means of V-shaped or curved fillets ou the arbors fitted to corresponding cavities in the boxes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. l\Iounting' the bending-fingers in the sliding top plate, independent of and below the slide or' carrier of the former, around` which lthe teeth are bent, the said carrier being provided with `an inclined plane or cam, acted upon by a likcinclined plane or cam on the top plate of the fingers, substantially as described, so that as the fingers are drawn back the former shall be lifted up preparatory to its back motion, as fully set forth.

GEORGE W. COATS. JAMES RUSSELL. 

